Speckled Alder Seedling

Species: Alnus incana subsp. rugosa

History: Native to large portions of the Northern Hemisphere including parts of North America, Europe, and Asia, this widespread tree is often divided into six subspecies including the one we are offering: Alnus incana subsp. rugosa. Indigenous people have used these trees for medicine and dyes, and they can also be used for erosion control. This subspecies in general is unique for its cold hardiness and ability to fix nitrogen, making it a useful companion plant in permaculture settings.

Why We Grow It: Named for the white lenticels that dot the reddish-gray bark, Speckled Alders can make a useful addition to a permaculture with their ability to fix nitrogen. However, keep an eye on this tree as it tends to spread via suckering (sending up new shoots) and layering (branches rooting into the ground) and can form dense thickets.

Canadian Hardiness Zone: 2

Soil Preference: Fairly adaptable but prefers wet soils

Growth Habits: Tree reaches 15-20m tall, vigorous, tends to sucker and form thickets

Sun/Shade: Full sun (approx. 8-10 hours of sun daily)

Recommended Use: Fixing nitrogen, wildlife habitat, erosion control

Height Above Soil: 30cm+